P0340 - Fiber Intake Disparities: Unraveling the Weave Towards Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Lizeth Cifuentes, MD¹, Stephen O'Keefe, MD^2
1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; ²UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA

Introduction: The third most prevalent cancer diagnosed in the United States is colorectal cancer. Low dietary fiber intake is a risk factors for it. Currently, high-income countries fall short of the recommended fiber intake, averaging around 15 g/day, while evidence suggests that consuming 50 g/day of dietary fiber may effectively prevent colon cancer. Black Americans consume significantly less fiber than White Americans.

Methods: We studied variations in fiber consumption over time using National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2017. The health assessment includes a dietary recall which is a 24-hour recollection of everything eaten and drunk by the person. Participants in the NHANES are asked to self-identify their race and ethnicity. To assess adjusted differences (AD) in fiber intake across time, we utilized Dunnett's Test using 1999 as the control group. We controlled for demographic factors (age, gender, and race/ethnicity). To investigate the difference change by race/ethnicity, we additionally included interaction factors between survey year and race/ethnicity.

Results: Between 1999 and 2017, a total of 59,204 people completed the survey. The mean age was 47.7 years (standard deviation [SD] 19.49). Of them, 42.9% (25,420) were White, 26.3% (15,619) were Hispanic, 21.3% (12,661) were Black, and 9.5% (5,504) were American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian, or Other Pacific Islander, and were classified as Other Race. Black participants had the lowest fiber intake across all cohorts with 14.1 g/d. When compared to 1999, there was a marginal but significant increase in fiber intake for the whole population in 2009 (AD: +0.83 g, p< .001), 2011 (AD: +1.85 g, p< .001), 2013 (AD: +1.36 g, p< .001), 2015 (AD: +1.26g, p< .001), and 2017 (AD: +1.20 g, p< .001). However, after adding an interaction between race/ethnicity and year (Figure 1), this significant increase was most notable in those classified as Other Race (AD: +4.08g, p< .001), followed by Hispanics (AD: +2.86g, p< .001), Blacks (AD: +1.64g, p< .001), and finally, Whites (AD: +0.86g, p< .001).

Discussion: We found that there was a marginal but significant increase in fiber intake to 16.7 g/d – which is still well below recommendations - for the whole population from 1999 to 2017. Black participants continued to have the lowest fiber intake across all cohorts with 14.1 g/d. Significant efforts should be made to encourage a substantial rise in fiber consumption and to help address fiber intake

disparities.




Disclosures:


Lizeth Cifuentes, MD¹, Stephen O'Keefe, MD². P0340 - Fiber Intake Disparities: Unraveling the Weave Towards Colorectal Cancer Prevention, ACG 2023 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Vancouver, BC, Canada: American College of Gastroenterology.